The Biblical-Lunar-Solar Chronology stands upon five critical astronomical markers in Abraham's life, each precisely timed to full moon oppositions that create "beacon dates" throughout biblical history. These markers represent divine appointments—moments when God's covenant promises intersect with celestial precision, establishing an unbreakable chronological framework that spans from Abraham's call in 1868 BC to the Exodus in 1438 BC.
Each marker demonstrates how God orchestrated both heavenly timing and earthly events to create a coherent historical timeline. The full moon oppositions recorded at these moments are not coincidental but represent divine signatures embedded within the biblical narrative, confirmable through modern astronomical calculations and verified across multiple geographical locations.
Marker 1: Abram Was Called by God at Nippur - The Foundational beacon
The first and most fundamental beacon date occurs with God's initial call to Abram in Mesopotamia. This moment establishes the starting point for the entire 430-year sojourning period and represents the beginning of God's covenant relationship with the patriarch who would become the father of many nations. The astronomical precision of this calling—timed to a full moon opposition visible from both Nippur and Goshen—creates an unshakeable anchor point that validates the entire BLSC framework.
9 April 1868 BC -- Abram's Call in Nippur
"The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham while he was still in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Haran, and said, 'Leave your country and your people and go to the land I will show you.'" (Acts 7:2–3)
"Then the LORD said to Abram, 'Leave your country, your kindred, and your father's household, and go to the land I will show you. I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you; I will make your name great, so that you will be a blessing.'" (Genesis 12:1–2)
Full Moon Opposition Times
Full Moon Opposition Times
Abram's Call in Nippur:
● Meridian -- 8 Apr 1868 BC, 21:54 pm
● Nippur -- 9 Apr 1868 BC, 00:55 am (Beacon 1)
● Goshen -- 9 Apr 1868 BC, 00:00 am
Passover 430 years later
● Goshen -- 25 Apr 1438 BC, 23:05 (Beacon 8)
● Nippur -- 26 Apr 1438 BC, 00:00 am
Significant event during same full moon place/time
Goshen 9 Apr 1868 BC, 00:00 am (Gen 12:1–2)
Nippur 26 Apr 1438 BC, 00:00 am → 430 years later (Ex 12:29,40; Acts 7:2)Marker 2: All Nations Blessed Through Abraham
Marker 2: All Nations Blessed Through Abraham - The Universal Promise Extends God's Covenant
The second marker represents the expansion of God's covenant beyond personal blessing to encompass all nations of the earth. This promise, delivered during Abram's journey from Ur to Canaan, establishes the messianic dimension of the Abrahamic covenant. The astronomical timing links this universal promise directly to Christ's future ministry at Mount Hermon, demonstrating how God's redemptive plan unfolds across precisely calculated centuries.
12 September 1866 BC -- Second part of Abraham's calling
"I will bless those who bless you and curse those who curse you; and all the families of the earth will be blessed through you." (Genesis 12:3)
Full Moon Opposition Times
Everlasting Covenant:
Meridian -- 11 Sept 1866 BC, 21:37
Haran -- 12 Sept 1866 BC, 00:12 (Beacon 2)
Mt Hermon -- 12 Sept 1866 BC, 00:00
Significant event during same full moon place/time
Mount Hermon 12 Sept 1866 BC, 00:00 am (Gen 12:3; John 8:56)
Proclamation, Confession, Transfiguration, Great Commission (Matt 16:13–18; Matt 17:1–5; Matt 28:16–20; Gal 3:8,15–16)
The Promise Fulfilled at the Appointed Time
The third marker encompasses both the covenant of circumcision and Isaac's miraculous birth exactly one year later. This demonstrates God's absolute faithfulness to His promises and His precise control over timing. Isaac's birth "at the appointed time" creates a generational link in the covenant chain while maintaining astronomical precision that points forward to Christ's ministry. The connection between Isaac as the promised seed and Christ as the ultimate Seed is embedded in the very timing of these events.
29 April 1840 BC -- Isaac's Birth at the Appointed Time
"Sarah your wife shall bear you a son indeed; and you shall call his name Isaac. I will establish My covenant with him for an everlasting covenant, and with his seed after him." (Genesis 17:19)
Full Moon Opposition Times
Everlasting Covenant:
Meridian -- 10 Apr 1841 BC, 1:00 am
Hebron -- 10 Apr 1841 BC, 4:00 am (Beacon 4)
Birth of Isaac:
Meridian -- 28 Apr 1840 BC, 21:37
Beersheba -- 28 Apr 1840 BC, 23:56 (Beacon 5)
Mount Hermon -- 29 Apr 1840 BC, 00:00
Significant event during same full moon place/time
Promise of Isaac's birth one year later (Gen 17:1–21)
Promise: Isaac will be born at the appointed time (Gen 18:1–10)
Mount Hermon 29 Apr 1840 BC, 00:00 am (Gen 21:1–5)
Proclamation, Confession, Transfiguration, Great Commission (Matt 16:13–18; Matt 17:1–5; Matt 28:16–20; Gal 3:8,15–16)
The 400-Year Timeline Established and Activated
The fourth marker represents one of the most remarkable prophetic fulfillments in Scripture. God's prediction of 400 years of sojourning, given to Abraham at Hebron, finds its precise beginning 24 years later when Ishmael is expelled from Abraham's household. This expulsion marks the moment when Isaac becomes the sole heir of promise, officially beginning the 400-year countdown that will culminate in the Exodus. The astronomical timing demonstrates God's absolute foreknowledge and sovereign control over historical events.
4 Apr 1862 BC -- Prediction of the 400 years
"Then the LORD said to Abram, 'Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a land not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years.'" (Genesis 15:13)
8 Apr 1838 BC -- Ishmael Abandonment in the Wilderness of Beersheba
"So Abraham rose early in the morning and took bread and a skin of water and gave it to Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, along with the child, and sent her away. And she departed and wandered in the wilderness of Beersheba." (Genesis 21:14)
This event marked the beginning of the 400 years of sojourning, exactly as predicted by God at Hebron 24 years earlier.
Full Moon Opposition Times
Covenant at Hebron:
Meridian -- 3 Apr 1862 BC, 21:41
Hebron -- 4 Apr 1862 BC, 00:01 (Beacon 3)
Beersheba -- 4 Apr 1862 BC, 00:00
Ishmael Abandonment at Beersheba (400 Years):
Meridian -- 8 Apr 1838 BC, 04:39
Beersheba -- 8 Apr 1838 BC, 06:58 (Beacon 6)
Significant event during same full moon place/time
Beersheba 4 Apr 1862 BC, 00:00 am (Gen 15:13–18)
24 years later marks beginning of 400 years → fulfilled at Exodus 1438 BC (Gen 21:8–14; Gen 15:13)
Marker 5: The Covenant with Jacob
The Generational Transfer and Egyptian Sojourn
The fifth marker completes the patriarchal phase of the covenant by establishing Jacob as the covenant bearer and positioning him for the family's entry into Egypt. Jacob's birth, precisely timed to a full moon opposition that connects Haran with Memphis, demonstrates how God orchestrated generational timing to align with His redemptive plan. This marker bridges the gap between the patriarchal promises and their fulfillment through the nation of Israel, as Jacob's eventual arrival and death in Egypt sets the stage for the subsequent centuries of growth and eventual exodus.
"God appeared to Jacob again and blessed him. God said to him, 'Your name is Jacob; no longer will you be called Jacob, but Israel shall be your name. I am God Almighty; be fruitful and increase in number. A nation and a community of nations will come from you, and kings will be among your descendants.'" (Genesis 35:9-12)
Full Moon Opposition Times
Birth of Jacob:
Meridian -- 25 Apr 1780 BC, 21:55
Haran -- 26 Apr 1780 BC, 00:31 (Beacon 7)
Memphis -- 26 Apr 1780 BC, 00:00
"I am God," He said, "the God of your father. Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt, for I will make you into a great nation there. I will go down with you to Egypt, and I will surely bring you back." (Genesis 46:3,4)
And Joseph's own hands will close your eyes." Jacob's arrival in Egypt and meeting Pharaoh at Memphis (Genesis 47:1–12) can be seen as the culmination of his covenantal role in the timeline.
Significant event during same full moon place/time
Mount Hermon 29 Apr 1840 BC, 00:00 am (Gen 21:1–5)
Memphis Egypt -- 25 Apr 1780 BC, 00:00 am. Meet Pharaoh 1650 BC, culmination of Jacob's covenantal role. Died 1633 BC
Conclusion: From Beacon Dates to Living History
The eight beacon dates presented in here establish the astronomical foundation of the Biblical-Lunar-Solar Chronology. These precisely timed full moon oppositions—from Abraham's call at Nippur to Jacob's birth at Haran and the Exodus from Egypt—create fixed points in history that cannot be moved or disputed. They represent divine appointments where heaven and earth intersect with mathematical precision.
However, beacon dates alone, while essential, tell only part of the story. They provide the skeletal framework, but the complete narrative of Abraham's covenant journey requires us to put flesh on these bones. This is where the methodology of "dead reckoning" becomes crucial using our established beacon points to calculate the precise dates of every significant event recorded in the biblical text.
Just as ancient navigators used dead reckoning to chart their course between known landmarks, we can now trace Abraham's journey through every recorded year, month, and day, working systematically from one beacon date to the next. The result is not speculation but mathematical reconstruction based on the ages, time spans, and geographical movements faithfully preserved in Scripture.